Showing posts with label African American. Show all posts
Showing posts with label African American. Show all posts

2011-02-23

Home of Frederick Douglass in Cedar Hill is Drawing Tourists in Washington, D.C.

My Bondage and My Freedom: The Autobiography of Frederick Douglass (Timeless Classic Books)

Home of Slave Turned Civil Rights Leader Draws Crowds

Tourists visit the house that belonged to Frederick Douglass, a renowned orator and leading abolitionist
The home of Frederick Douglass, Cedar Hill, is drawing tourists in Washington, D.C.
Photo: VOA
The home of Frederick Douglass, Cedar Hill, is drawing tourists in Washington, D.C.
In the United States, February is Black History Month, a time when observances pay tribute to people and events that shaped the history of African Americans. Communities across the country have promoted historic sites that serve as tributes to the past. One of those places is in in Washington, D.C., where people are learning about the African-American leader Frederick Douglass, who was born a slave in 1818, but escaped to become a leading abolitionist.

Tourists come to it in search of a slice of African-American history. A tour guide takes them through.

"Now the irons that you see up here are the various irons the Douglass family used," says the guide. "This iron is really interesting. This is an iron for putting ruffles in a woman's dress. So it demonstrates the type of people who were living in the house."

The home, Cedar Hill,  belonged Douglass after slavery was abolished in 1865.  National Park Service Ranger Kamal McClarin says visitors come away inspired.  "That transition from slavery to freedom and living in a home like this really provides the public with tremendous inspiration and demonstrating those notions of self determination, you can rise from nothing to something."

Douglass purchased Cedar Hill in a "whites only" neighborhood. He lived there with his family from 1877 to his death in 1895.

More than 60,000 people have visited the home since it was restored in 2006. Thomas Fenske, a historian who came with friends, is one of them. He says tourists stopped coming in the 1970s because the house had fallen into disrepair. He's glad it's been renovated and is now a national historic site.

"Frederick Douglass was very very important as a founder of the civil rights movement," says Fenske. "He talked with President Lincoln and advised Lincoln on various things and of course was one of our country's great writers. So I think its important to have a house like this to keep his memory alive."

Today, vistors see how he lived and learn about his journey from a dedicated opponent of  slavery in the early 19th century America, to an advocate of women's rights, to one of the most respected African-American orators of the 1800's.

"I learned that Frederick Douglass escaped from being a slave and he went through a lot of hard times but he taught himself how to read  and write and became very educated and successful," says Sarah Ward, who toured the home recently.

Susan Nako brought her family from New York so her son, Simon, could learn about Douglass.

"Simon's list for his first grade class for Black History Month did not include Frederick Douglass," says Nako. "and I am appalled because he is my hero from when I was a little girl."

Michael Scott and his wife came from nearby Virginia. He says its important for African Americans to learn about their leaders.

"In this day and time, a lot of African American children don't know about Frederick Douglass. In order for us to go forward, we have got to remember our past and where we came from and those who paved the way for us."

The National Park Service, which manages Frederick Douglass' home, is working on expanding the tour as interest grows among people seeking knowledge about African-American leaders.




Home of Slave Turned Civil Rights Leader Draws Crowds
Article from VOA

2011-02-16

Black (African-American) History Month - February - History and Facts

As Americans continue to celebrate Black (African-American) History Month this February, read interesting facts and history provided by the U.S. Census Bureau’s Facts for Features series.

Harriet Tubman and Black History Month (Let's Celebrate Series)

Black (African-American) History Month:
February 2011

To commemorate and celebrate the contributions to our nation made by people of African descent, American historian Carter G. Woodson established Black History Week. The first celebration occurred on Feb. 12, 1926. For many years, the second week of February was set aside for this celebration to coincide with the birthdays of abolitionist/editor Frederick Douglass and Abraham Lincoln. In 1976, as part of the nation's bicentennial, the week was expanded into Black History Month. Each year, U.S. presidents proclaim February as National African-American History Month.
The population figures shown here are based on various sources but not on the 2010 Census. We expect to release 2010 figures for the black population and other races by April 1, 2011.

Population

41.8 million

As of July 1, 2009, the estimated population of black residents in the United States, including those of more than one race. They made up 13.6 percent of the total U.S. population. This figure represents an increase of more than a half-million residents from one year earlier.
Source: Population estimates

65.7 million

The projected black population of the United States (including those of more than one race) for July 1, 2050. On that date, according to the projection, blacks would constitute 15 percent of the nation's total population.
Source: Population projections

18

Number of states with an estimated black population on July 1, 2009, of at least 1 million. New York, with 3.5 million, led the way. The other 17 states on the list were Alabama, California, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Mississippi, New Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas and Virginia.
Source: Population estimates

38%

Percentage of Mississippi's population that was black in 2009. Although New York had the largest number of blacks of any state, Mississippi had the largest share of blacks in its total population. Blacks also made up more than a quarter of the population in Louisiana (33 percent), Georgia (31 percent), Maryland (31 percent), South Carolina (29 percent) and Alabama (27 percent). They comprised 55 percent of the population in the District of Columbia.
Source: Population estimates

72,100

The increase in Texas' black population between July 1, 2008, and July 1, 2009, which led all states.
Source: Population estimates

23

Number of states in which blacks were the largest minority group in 2009. These included Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia and Wisconsin. Blacks were also the largest minority group in the District of Columbia. (Note: Minorities are part of a group other than single-race non-Hispanic white.)
Source: Population estimates

1.4 million

The number of blacks in Cook County, Ill., as of July 1, 2009, which led the nation's counties in the number of people of this racial category. Harris County, Texas, had the largest numerical increase in the black population between July 1, 2008, and July 1, 2009 (15,700).
Source: Population estimates
Among counties with total populations of at least 10,000, Claiborne County, Miss., had the largest percent of population that was black (85 percent). Claiborne led 77 majority-black counties or equivalents.
Source: Population estimates

30%

The proportion of the black population younger than 18 as of July 1, 2009. At the other end of the spectrum, 8 percent of the black population was 65 and older.
Source: Population estimates
Note: Unless otherwise noted, the estimates in this section refer to the population that was either single-race black or black in combination with one or more other races.

Serving Our Nation

2.3 million

Number of single-race black military veterans in the United States in 2009.
Source: 2009 American Community Survey

Education

84%

Among blacks 25 and older, the proportion who had at least a high school diploma in 2009.
Source: Educational Attainment in the United States: 2009

19%

Percentage of blacks 25 and older who had a bachelor's degree or higher in 2009.
Source: Educational Attainment in the United States: 2009

1.5 million

Among blacks 25 and older, the number who had an advanced degree in 2009 (e.g., master's, doctorate, medical or law). A decade earlier, in 1999, about 900,000 blacks had this level of education.
Source: Educational Attainment in the United States: 2009

2.5 million

Number of black college students in fall 2008. This was roughly double the corresponding number from 25 years earlier.
Source: School Enrollment — Social and Economic Characteristics of Students: October 2008

Voting

16.1 million

The number of blacks who voted in the 2008 presidential election, up by about 2.1 million from the 2004 presidential election. The total number of voters rose by 5.4 million, to 131.1 million.
Source: Voting and Registration in the Election of 2008

55%

Turnout rate in the 2008 presidential election for the 18- to 24-year-old citizen black population, an 8 percent increase from 2004. Blacks had the highest turnout rate in this age group.
Source: Voting and Registration in the Election of 2008

65%

Turnout rate among black citizens in the 2008 presidential election, up about 5 percentage points from 2004. Looking at voter turnout by race and Hispanic origin, non-Hispanic whites and blacks had the highest turnout levels.
Source: Voting and Registration in the Election of 2008

Income, Poverty and Health Insurance

$32,584

The annual median income of single-race black households in 2009, a decline of 4.4 percent (in 2009 constant dollars) from 2008.
Source: Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2009

25.8%

Poverty rate in 2009 for single-race blacks, up from 24.7 percent in 2008.
Source: Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2009

21.0%

The percentage of single-race blacks lacking health insurance in 2009, up from 19.1 percent in 2008.
Source: Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2009

Families and Children

64%

Among households with a single-race black householder, the percentage that contained a family. There were 8.6 million black family households.
Source: 2009 American Community Survey

44%

Among families with single-race black householders, the percentage that were married couples.
Source: 2009 American Community Survey

1.3 million

Number of single-race black grandparents who lived with their own grandchildren younger than 18. Of this number, 50 percent were also responsible for their care.
Source: 2009 American Community Survey

Homeownership

44%

Nationally, the percentage of households with a householder who was single-race black who lived in owner-occupied homes.
Source: 2009 American Community Survey

Jobs

28%

The percentage of single-race blacks 16 and older who worked in management, professional and related occupations.
Source: 2009 American Community Survey

Businesses

$137.4 billion

Receipts for black-owned businesses in 2007, up 55.1 percent from 2002. The number of black-owned businesses totaled 1.9 million in 2007, up 60.5 percent.

37.6%

Percentage of black-owned businesses in 2007 in health care and social assistance, repair and maintenance and personal and laundry services.

28.2%

Percentage of businesses in the District of Columbia in 2007 which were black-owned, which led all states or state-equivalents. Georgia and Maryland followed, at 20.4 percent and 19.3 percent, respectively.
Source for statements in this section: Preliminary Estimates of Business Ownership by Gender, Ethnicity, Race and Veteran Status: 2007 http://www.census.gov/newsroom/releases/archives/economic_census/cb10-107.html

Following is a list of observances typically covered by the Census Bureau’s Facts for Features series:
  • African-American History Month (February)
  • Super Bowl
  • Valentine's Day (Feb. 14)
  • Women's History Month (March)
  • Irish-American Heritage Month (March)/
          St. Patrick's Day (March 17)
  • Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month (May)
  • Older Americans Month (May)
  • Cinco de Mayo (May 5)
  • Mother's Day
  • Hurricane Season Begins (June 1)
  • Father's Day
  • The Fourth of July (July 4)
  • Anniversary of Americans With Disabilities Act (July 26)
  • Back to School (August)
  • Labor Day
  • Grandparents Day
  • Hispanic Heritage Month (Sept. 15-Oct. 15)
  • Unmarried and Single Americans Week
  • Halloween (Oct. 31)
  • American Indian/Alaska Native Heritage Month (November)
  • Veterans Day (Nov. 11)
  • Thanksgiving Day
  • The Holiday Season (December)

Editor’s note: The preceding data were collected from a variety of sources and may be subject to sampling variability and other sources of error. Facts for Features are customarily released about two months before an observance in order to accommodate magazine production timelines. Questions or comments should be directed to the Census Bureau’s Public Information Office: telephone: 301-763-3030; fax: 301-763-3762; or e-mail: <PIO@census.gov>.

2011-02-10

African-American Muslims and Baltimore Police Forge a Relationship

Baltimore Police, African-American Muslims Forge a Relationship

Baltimore police officer Robert Horne, the city's Islamic liaison, chats with students at a predominately African-American Islamic school to help the children better understand what police do, February 2011
Photo: VOA
Baltimore police officer Robert Horne, the city's Islamic liaison, chats with students at a predominately African-American Islamic school to help the children better understand what police do, February 2011
African Americans first introduced Islam to the east coast city of Baltimore 65 years ago. Today, more than 60 percent of the city's 630,000 residents are black. About 5000 of them are African-American Muslims. Some African Americans in Baltimore, including Muslims, distrust the police. To foster good relations, the department has an Islamic liaison.

Police officer Robert Horne is Baltimore's Islamic liaison. On this day, he is visiting a predominately African-American Islamic school to help the children better understand what police do.

"How many of you are learning Arabic?" he asked. Horne speaks Arabic and is teaching the children some Arabic words. He said he wants to show that the police can be their friend.

"Just to kind of show them that there are officers who are bilingual, who have an understanding of the same culture and language that they’re studying," said Horne.

Akilah Rabb is the head of the school. She said she's glad that Horne stopped by. "We have someone we can trust to communicate on our behalf and also to be sensitive to our community's needs."

Horne said he plays many roles. "You’re a counselor, you’re a big brother, you’re a mentor, you’re all these things wrapped up into one.”"

Horne began his career patrolling the area around this Muslim Community Cultural Center. He developed a relationship with the people and became Muslim.

Earl el-Amin, the Imam, said Horne has encouraged a rapport between the police and African-American Muslims, "which has allowed us to establish a viable relationship based on truth and honesty”"

Horne agreed relations are generally good, but said mistrust grew after the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. He said he reassured Muslims that the police wouldn't target them.  

"Many of them were afraid that the police would stereotype them, that they would just enter into the mosque and there would be surveillance on the mosque and things of this nature," said Horne.

Horne said Baltimore police learn about Islam and Muslims. Omar Davis, President of the Baltimore City Muslim Council, said his group provided the training requested by the police. "One of the concerns that some of the officers had expressed to us is that when they get called on various police calls, that they wanted to be respectful of the person of the culture. They don’t want to come off as being disrespectful."

Horne said he hopes he has helped bridge the gap between the police and African American Muslims, especially the younger generation who he said is the future of the community.




Baltimore Police, African-American Muslims Forge a Relationship
Articlel and Video from VOA

Black-Owned Businesses On The Rise in USA

Encyclopedia of African American Business [2 volumes] (v. 1 & 2)
US Black-Owned Businesses On The Rise
Alex Villarreal | Washington February 09, 2011 - VOA

The U.S. Census Bureau says blacks owned nearly 2 million businesses in 2007, the year of the last survey of business owners. That was up more than 60 percent from the previous survey in 2002. The jump was more than triple the growth rate for all U.S. businesses, and the highest rate of increase of any minority.

Marc Morial is the head of the civil rights group the National Urban League, which works to empower historically underserved communities. Discussing the data in a conference call Tuesday, he said federal, state and local policy makers should look to this growth in black companies when planning how to help American communities emerge from the recession.

"The fact that there's an increase in business ownership, [and] increasing interest in entrepreneurship means that by focusing attention on helping black-owned businesses to grow, you can create jobs and economic growth in your communities," Morial said.

The survey defines black-owned businesses as firms in which blacks own 51 percent or more of the stock or equity.

In addition to the growing numbers, the Census Bureau's deputy director, Thomas Mesenbourg, said black-owned companies also saw an increase in sales.

"Black-owned businesses as a whole had a 55 percent increase in receipts and revenue over the five-year period, compared to 34 percent for all U.S. firms," said Mesenbourg.

But a huge gap remains between the gross receipts of black-owned businesses and those of white-owned businesses. And other racial disparities persist.

Many black-owned companies remain small. More than 94 percent of black-owned firms in 2007 did not have paid employees.

Ivonne Cunarro, with the U.S. Commerce Department's Minority Business Development Agency, says there also is still an entrepreneurial parity gap between African-Americans' growing share of the population and their ownership of just 7 percent of U.S. businesses. She says the true economic potential of the African-American business community is still unrealized.

"If African-American owned firms would have reached entrepreneurial parity with their share of the adult population in 2007, we would have had more firms,” Cunarro said. “There would have been 3.3 million firms, instead of 1.9 million. These firms would have generated $1.4 trillion in gross receipts instead of $138 billion, and they would have created 7.1 million jobs instead of 921,000."

Studies suggest black business owners have less family business experience and lower levels of education and startup capital than white businesses owners, which contributes to their companies' lower performance.

A 2005 study found black-owned businesses also are more strongly represented in less-successful industries, like personal services.

More black-owned businesses in 2007 were involved in health care and social assistance than any other field, followed closely by maintenance and personal services.

Although blacks were the minority with the largest growth in U.S. business ownership from 2002 to 2007, there were fewer black-owned firms than Hispanic-owned firms in 2007. Hispanic firms also generated higher sales.

Figures show that sales by Hispanic-owned firms increased to $345 billion in 2007, more than double the sales of black-owned businesses.



US Black-Owned Businesses On The Rise
Article from VOA